หัวข้อ : Present Tense in Korean = A/V-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V-아/어요.
ลิงค์ : Present Tense in Korean = A/V-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V-아/어요.
Present Tense in Korean = A/V-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V-아/어요.
L1.03 Present Tense in Korean = A/V/N-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V/N-아/어요.
☆Formal polite style: A/V-(스)ㅂ니다
Usage:
- It’s used mainly in formal or public situations such as meetings, presentations, and news
- It’s used mainly in formal or public situations such as meetings, presentations, and news
Tense:
Declarative form:
- Vowel end : A/V-ㅂ니다
- Consonant end: A/V-습니다
Interrogative form:
- Vowel end : A/V-ㅂ니까?
- Consonant end: A/V-습니까?
Word conversion:
Base form -- Declarative -- Interrogative = Meaning
가다 -- 갑니다 -- 갑니까? = to go
하다 -- 합니다 -- 합니까? = To do
자다 -- 잡니다 -- 잡니까? = to sleep
예쁘다 -- 예쁩니다 -- 예쁩니까? = to be beautiful.
아니다 -- 아닙니다 -- 아닙니까? = to be not
*만들다 -- 만듭니다 -- 만듭니까? = to make
먹다 -- 먹습니다 -- 먹습니까? = to eat
읽다 -- 읽습니다 -- 읽습니까? = to read
작다 -- 작습니다 -- 작습니까? = to be small
있다 -- 있습니다 -- 있습니까? = To have
없다 -- 없습니다 -- 없습니까? = To not have
가다 -- 갑니다 -- 갑니까? = to go
하다 -- 합니다 -- 합니까? = To do
자다 -- 잡니다 -- 잡니까? = to sleep
예쁘다 -- 예쁩니다 -- 예쁩니까? = to be beautiful.
아니다 -- 아닙니다 -- 아닙니까? = to be not
*만들다 -- 만듭니다 -- 만듭니까? = to make
먹다 -- 먹습니다 -- 먹습니까? = to eat
읽다 -- 읽습니다 -- 읽습니까? = to read
작다 -- 작습니다 -- 작습니까? = to be small
있다 -- 있습니다 -- 있습니까? = To have
없다 -- 없습니다 -- 없습니까? = To not have
Examples:
1. 학교에 갑니까? - 네, 학교에 갑니다.
Are you going to school? - Yes, I am going to school.
2. 운동을 합니까? -네, 운동을 합니다.
Are you doing exercise? - Yes, I am doing exercise.
3. 뭐 합니까? - 한국어를 공부합니다.
What are you doing? - I am studying Korean.
4. 뭐 합니까? -일기를 합니다.
What are you doing? - I am working.
☆Informal polite style: A/V/N-아/어요
Usage:
- It’s mostly used in daily life among family members and friends.
- The declarative (A/V-아/어요.) and interrogative (A/V-아/어요?) forms are the same, but the declarative form ending the sentence in a falling tone while interrogative form ending sentence in a rising tone.
- It’s mostly used in daily life among family members and friends.
- The declarative (A/V-아/어요.) and interrogative (A/V-아/어요?) forms are the same, but the declarative form ending the sentence in a falling tone while interrogative form ending sentence in a rising tone.
Tense:
1. A/V-아요 = word end containing ㅏ and ㅗ
- Word end in vowelㅏ, one ㅏ is deleted (e.g. 가다 -- 가요; 자다 -- 자요; 만나다 -- 만나요 = to meet; 끝나다 -- 끝나요 = to finish)
- Word end in vowel ㅗ, word contraction ㅗ + ㅏ = ㅘ (e.g 오다 -- 와요 ; 보다 -- 봐요)
- Word end in a consonant containing ㅏ or ㅗ (e.g 앉다 -- 앉아요 = to sit ; 받다 -- 받아요 = to receive ; 살다 -- 살아요)
2. A/V-어요 = word end not containing ㅏ and ㅗ
- Word end with a consonant (e.g 읽다 -- 읽어요 = To read ; 먹다 -- 먹어요 = To eat )
- Word end in the vowel ㅐ, ㅓ, or ㅕ , ㅓof -어요 is deleted (e.g 보내다 -- 보내요 = To send ; 서다 -- 서요 = to stand ; 켜다 -- 켜요 = To turn on)
- Word end in the vowel ㅜ, word contraction ㅜ+ㅓ = ㅝ (e.g 배우다 -- 배워요 = To learn ; 주다 -- 줘요 = To give ; 바꾸다 -- 바꿔요 = To change)
- Word end in the vowel ㅣ, word contraction ㅣ+ㅓ = ㅕ (e.g 마시다 -- 마셔요 = to drink ; 기다리다 -- 기다려요 = To wait ; 헤어지다 -- 헤어져요 = to separate )
- Word end with a consonant (e.g 읽다 -- 읽어요 = To read ; 먹다 -- 먹어요 = To eat )
- Word end in the vowel ㅐ, ㅓ, or ㅕ , ㅓof -어요 is deleted (e.g 보내다 -- 보내요 = To send ; 서다 -- 서요 = to stand ; 켜다 -- 켜요 = To turn on)
- Word end in the vowel ㅜ, word contraction ㅜ+ㅓ = ㅝ (e.g 배우다 -- 배워요 = To learn ; 주다 -- 줘요 = To give ; 바꾸다 -- 바꿔요 = To change)
- Word end in the vowel ㅣ, word contraction ㅣ+ㅓ = ㅕ (e.g 마시다 -- 마셔요 = to drink ; 기다리다 -- 기다려요 = To wait ; 헤어지다 -- 헤어져요 = to separate )
3. N-하다 (or 하다 verb) → 해요.
(e.g 말하다 -- 말해요 = to speak ; 공부하다 -- 공부해요 = to study ; 일하다 = 일해요 = To work ; 여행하다 = 여행해요 = To travel )
4. N-예요 = Noun end in a vowel
(e.g 사과 -- 사과예요 = apple ; 어머니 -- 어머이예요 = mother ; 시계 -- 시계예요 = a clock)
(e.g 사과 -- 사과예요 = apple ; 어머니 -- 어머이예요 = mother ; 시계 -- 시계예요 = a clock)
5. N-이에요 = Noun end in a consonant
(e.g 책 -- 책이에요 = a book ; 선생님 -- 선생님이에요 = teacher ; 학생 -- 학생이에요 = student)
(e.g 책 -- 책이에요 = a book ; 선생님 -- 선생님이에요 = teacher ; 학생 -- 학생이에요 = student)
Word conversion:
앉다 -- 앉아요 = to sit
살다 -- 살아요 = To live
만나다 -- 만나요 = To meet
기다리다 -- 기다려요 = To wait
보내다 -- 보내요 = To send
보다 -- 봐요 = To see
바꾸다 -- 바꿔요 = to change
먹다 -- 먹어요 = To eat
운동하다 -- 운동해요 = To exercise
전화하다 -- 전화해요 = to make a call
숙제하다 -- 숙제하다 = To do homework
마시다 -- 마셔요 = to drink
의자 -- 의자예요 = a chair
빵 -- 빵이에요 = bread
우유 -- 우유예요 = milk
앉다 -- 앉아요 = to sit
살다 -- 살아요 = To live
만나다 -- 만나요 = To meet
기다리다 -- 기다려요 = To wait
보내다 -- 보내요 = To send
보다 -- 봐요 = To see
바꾸다 -- 바꿔요 = to change
먹다 -- 먹어요 = To eat
운동하다 -- 운동해요 = To exercise
전화하다 -- 전화해요 = to make a call
숙제하다 -- 숙제하다 = To do homework
마시다 -- 마셔요 = to drink
의자 -- 의자예요 = a chair
빵 -- 빵이에요 = bread
우유 -- 우유예요 = milk
Examples :
1. 지금 뭐 해요?
- 한국어를 공부해요.
- 한국어를 공부해요.
What are you doing now?
- I am studying Korean.
- I am studying Korean.
2. 언제 점심을 먹어요?
- 보통 12시에 점심을 먹어요.
When do you eat lunch?
- I usually eat lunch at 12:00.
- I usually eat lunch at 12:00.
3. 저는 아침마다 달리기를 해요.
I run every morning.
4. 이거 무엇어요? - 한국어 책이에요.
What is this? - It’s a Korean book.
5. 몇 시예요? - 10시 30분이에요.
What is the time? - It’s 10:30.
☆Fun facts: the present tense in Korean is also used for the progressive tense (e.g to be V-ing) and near future tense (e.g to be going to do V)
นั่นคือบทความ Present Tense in Korean = A/V-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V-아/어요.
นั่นคือบทความทั้งหมด Present Tense in Korean = A/V-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V-아/어요. ครั้งนี้หวังว่าจะเป็นประโยชน์กับทุกท่าน เจอกันใหม่บทความหน้า.
คุณกำลังอ่านบทความ Present Tense in Korean = A/V-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V-아/어요. พร้อมที่อยู่ลิงค์ https://yonseikorean.blogspot.com/2019/09/present-tense-in-korean-av-and-av.html
ㅂ니다 and A/V-아/어요.){kind=link}
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