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Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다

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Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다 - สวัสดีเพื่อน Yonsei korean, ในบทความที่คุณกำลังอ่านในครั้งนี้มีชื่อเรื่อง Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다, เราได้เตรียมบทความนี้ไว้อย่างดีเพื่อให้คุณอ่านและนำข้อมูลไปใช้ หวังว่าเนื้อหาของโพสต์ บทความ Grammar Lv1, สิ่งที่เราเขียนคุณสามารถเข้าใจได้ เอาล่ะมีความสุขในการอ่าน.

หัวข้อ : Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다
ลิงค์ : Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다

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Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다


L1.06 Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다

1. Word negation = 아니다, 없다 and 모르다.

Usage:
- Use to negate a sentence or a word = 아니다 , 없다 and 모르다

Tense:
- 아니다 -- 아닙니다 -- 아니요.
- 없다    -- 없습니다 -- 없어요.
- 모르다 -- 모릅니다 -- 몰라요.
Examples:

1. 한국 사람이에요. / 한국 사람 아니에요.
He is Korean. / He is not a Korean.

2. 나는 자동차가 있어요. / 나는 자동차가 없어요.
I have a car. / I don't have a car.

3. 일본어를 알아요./ 일본어를 몰라요.
I know Japanese./ I don't know Japanese.

4. 토니 씨가 대학생이에요?
- 아니요. 대학생이 아니에요. 대학원생이에요.
Is Tony a undergraduate student?
- No, he isn't a undergraduate student. He is a graduate student.

5. 저녁 시간 있어요?
- 아니요. 저녁 시간 없어요. 야속이 있어요.
Do you have time this evening?
- No, I don't have time this evening. I have an appointment.

6. 베트남어를 알아요?
- 아니요. 몰라요.
Do you know Vietnamese?
- No, I don't know.




2. 안 A/V-아/어요 and A/V-지 않아요 grammar = not A/V

Usage:
- To be added to the adjectives or verbs to negate an action or state
- 안 A/V =  A/V-지 않다 = not A/V

Word conversions:

타다 -- 안 타요  -- 타지 않아요. = to take (a bus)
멀다 -- 안 멀어요 -- 멀지 않아요. = to be far
공부하다 -- 공부 안해요 -- 공부하지 않아요. = to study
일하다 -- 일 안 해요 -- 일하지 않아요. = to work
길다 -- 안 길어요  -- 길지 않아요. = to be long
짧다 -- 안 짧아요 -- 짧지 않아요. = to be short
*덥다 -- 안 더워요  -- 덥지 않아요. = to be hot
*걷다 -- 안 걸어요  -- 걷지 않아요. = to walk
*좋아하다 -- 안 좋아해요 -- 좋아하지 않아요. = to like
*친절하다 -- 안 친절하다 -- 친절하지 않아요 = to be kind.


Note :
- 좋아하다 , 싫어하다 , 친절하다 are not 하다 verbs, so 안 must stand before the verbs.
-덥다 and 걷다 are irregular verbs/ adjectives. 


Examples:
1. 돼지고기를 안 먹어요./ 돼지고기를 먹지 않아요.
I don't eat pork.

2. 이 책은 짧지 않아요./ 이 책은 안 짧아요.
This book is not short.

3. 방이 안 넓어요./ 방이 넓지 않아요.
The room is not big.

4. 소고기을 좋아해요?
- 아니요. 저는 소고시를 안 먹어요.
Do you like beef?
- No, I don't eat beef.

5. 이번 토요일에 서울에 가요?
- 아니요. 서울에 가지 않아요.
Do you go to Seoul on this Saturday?
- No, I don't go.

6. 축구를 좋아해요?
- 아니요. 축구를 좋아하지 않아요.
Do you like football?
No, I don't like football.

7. 회사에 다녀요?
- 아니요. 안 다녀요.
Do you work at the company?
- No, I don't go.


3. 못 V-아/어요 and  V-지 못해요  grammar = can’t V

Usage:
- Express that one is unable or impossible to do something
- 못 V = V-지 못해요 = can’t.

Word conversion :

타다 -- 못 타요  -- 타지 못해요. = to take ( a bus)
읽다 -- 못 읽어요  -- 읽지 못해요. = to read
운동하다 -- 운동 못해요  -- 운동하지 못해요. = to exercise
*말하다 -- 못 말해요 -- 말하지 못해요 = to speak
*쓰다 -- 못 써요  -- 쓰지 못해요. = to write




Examples:
1.  저는 수영을 못해요. / 수영하지 못해요.
I can't swim.

2. 술을 못 마셔요. / 술을 마시지 못해요.
I can't drink alcohol.

3. 차를 운전 못해요. / 차를 운전하지 못해요.
I can't drive car.

4. 왜 고기를 안 먹어요?
- 다이어트를 하고 있어요. 그래서 먹지 못해요.
Why aren't you eat meat?
- I am in a diet. So, I can't eat meat.

5. 토니의 생일 파티에 가요?
- 아니요, 못 가요. 바빠요.
Do you go to Tony birthday party?
- No, I can't.  I am busy.

6. 숙제를 다 했어요?
- 아니요. 숙제를 다 하지 못해요. 어려워요.
Did you finish your homework?
- No, I can't finish my homework. It's difficult.


4. Comparison between 안 (지 않다) grammar and  못 (지 못하다) grammar:

1. 안 (지 않다) grammar:
- Use with both A and V.
- Express not doing something regardless of ability or external conditions.

E.g 운전을 안 해요.
I don't drive. (I know but I don't want)
E.g. 오늘 쇼핑을 하지 않아요.
I don't go shopping today. ( I simply don't want to)

2. 못 (지 못하다) grammar
- Use with V only.
- Use when one is unable or impossible to do something.

E.g. 운전을 못해요.
I can't drive. (I haven't learned to drive or other reasons)
E.g. 오늘 쇼핑을 하지 못해요.
I can’t go shopping today. ( I am busy or something like that)


นั่นคือบทความ Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다

นั่นคือบทความทั้งหมด Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다 ครั้งนี้หวังว่าจะเป็นประโยชน์กับทุกท่าน เจอกันใหม่บทความหน้า.

คุณกำลังอ่านบทความ Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다 พร้อมที่อยู่ลิงค์ https://yonseikorean.blogspot.com/2019/09/negative-expressions-in-korean-1-2-v-v.html
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